Journal: Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease

Article Title: In‐Depth Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Adult Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest

doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.016521

Figure Lengend Snippet: Key initial cardiac arrest variables of witnessed arrest, immediate bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and shockable rhythm are currently required to qualify for a potential E‐ CPR– eligible OHCA in most trials and services. If the arrest is refractory , to advanced life support measures and E‐ CPR is available at a nearby hospital, the patient is transferred to the nearest E‐ CPR– capable hospital. Many services utilize mechanical CPR to enable ongoing chest compression during transfer. Prearrival notification to the accepting hospital by emergency medical services ( EMS) is often made. On arrival to the hospital, cannulation, establishment of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and subsequent definitive treatment of the underlying cause of the arrest is made. Standard postcardiac arrest care is implemented in the intensive care unit (ICU). *End‐tidal CO 2 (ETCO 2 ) and lactate (on arrival to hospital) are variably used as inclusion criteria. $ Varying definitions of when an arrest becomes “refractory” exist including no return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after 30 minutes of conventional CPR .

Article Snippet: Prague OHCA Study (NCT01511666) Standard arm : patients in the standard arm will be further managed as per ERC guidelines. Coronary angiography will be performed only if indicated according to routine practice, and mild therapeutic hypothermia will be instituted as soon as possible as per guidelines. Intervention arm: (hyperinvasive) immediate institution of a mechanical chest compression device and prehospital intra‐arrest cooling by RhinoChill device (BeneChill). Directly transferred to cardiac center catheterization laboratory under continuous CPR. After admission to cardiac catheterization laboratory for coronary angiography +/− E‐CPR , 170 , Prague, Czech Republic , Age 18–65 y Witnessed OHCA of presumed cardiac cause Minimum of 5 min of advanced life support performed by emergency medical team without sustained ROSC ECMO team and bed‐capacity in cardiac center available , December 2020.

Techniques: Membrane

Journal: PLOS One

Article Title: Right ventricular pressure–volume relations and effects of selective vena cava occlusion during cardiopulmonary resuscitation

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0333122

Figure Lengend Snippet: The x-axis displays the composite RVV (mL), and the y-axis shows the RVP (mmHg). The yellow loop, indicating spontaneous circulation, has a typical elliptical shape. The measurement loops at 2, 4, 12, 20, and 26 min after CPR initiation are shown in blue, green, pink, purple, and red, respectively. During CPR, the PV loops progressively take on a trapezoidal shape, indicating the loss of isovolumetric contraction and relaxation. This highlights the passive conduit role of the RV under external chest compressions. Unlike the elliptical loop during spontaneous circulation, these trapezoidal loops exhibit a limited volume range and show a more linear pressure increase during compression, with sharp drops during decompression. These patterns suggest modifications in RV filling and ejection mechanics during CPR. RV, right ventricular; PV, pressure–volume; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; RVV, right ventricular volume; RVP, right ventricular pressure.

Article Snippet: After 2 min of VF, chest compressions with a depth of 5 cm were performed at a rate of 100 compressions/min by using a mechanical CPR device (LUCAS-2® Chest Compression System; Physio-Control, Redmond, WA, USA).

Techniques:

Journal: PLOS One

Article Title: Right ventricular pressure–volume relations and effects of selective vena cava occlusion during cardiopulmonary resuscitation

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0333122

Figure Lengend Snippet: No significant differences were observed in RV PV relationships during standard CPR without VCO, with SVCO, and with IVCO. (A) PV loops during standard CPR without VCO. The loops show compression-induced pressure fluctuations with reduced SV and a rightward shift as compared to those obtained during spontaneous circulation. (B) PV loops during CPR with SVCO. The overall shape and position of the loops are comparable to those observed during standard CPR without VCO, with no significant changes in SV or pressure development. (C) PV loops during CPR with IVCO. Similar to CPR with SVCO, the loops demonstrate no appreciable difference in RVP or RVV parameters as compared to standard CPR without VCO.

Article Snippet: After 2 min of VF, chest compressions with a depth of 5 cm were performed at a rate of 100 compressions/min by using a mechanical CPR device (LUCAS-2® Chest Compression System; Physio-Control, Redmond, WA, USA).

Techniques: